Since Google began using Core Web Vitals as a ranking signal, page experience has become a competitive factor in search results. Sites that score green on all three metrics consistently outrank comparable sites that do not — all else being equal. Here is what you need to know.
LCP: Largest Contentful Paint
LCP measures how long it takes for the largest visible element on the page to load. Target: under 2.5 seconds. The most common culprits are large unoptimized hero images, render-blocking JavaScript, and slow server response times. Fix: serve images in WebP format, preload the LCP image, and use a CDN.
CLS: Cumulative Layout Shift
CLS measures how much the page layout jumps around while loading — the frustrating experience of clicking a button that moves just as your finger hits it. Target: under 0.1. Fix: always specify width and height attributes on images and video elements, and avoid inserting content above existing content after load.
INP: Interaction to Next Paint
INP replaced FID in 2024 and measures the responsiveness of the page to user interactions. Target: under 200ms. Heavy JavaScript, long tasks on the main thread, and unoptimized event handlers are the main causes of poor INP scores.